The spherical interpolation method for closed-form passive source localization using range difference measurements

The problem of estimating the location of a radiating source from range difference measurements taken from a passive, stationary array is discussed. A new closed-form source location estimator, termed the Spherical Interpolation Estimator, is presented and analyzed. The location estimates produced by the Spherical Interpolation Estimator are approximate minimizers of a weighted equation error norm, and are shown to approach the maximum likelihood source location estimator.