Propagation measurements for 1.9 GHz high-gain antenna array design

This paper addresses the benefits achievable with advanced base station antennas for 1.9 GHz personal communications services (PCS). High-gain antennas, multiple sub-aperture diversity combining, and adaptive array processing are all parts of the advanced antenna concept. A measurement program was carried out in urban and suburban environments to preview the performance achievable with large antennas. Results indicate that very tall narrow antenna subarrays can produce the desired high gain while minimizing the amount of beam-steering and beamforming required.