A novel universal voltage-mode filter with three inputs and single output using only two operational floating current conveyor

A novel universal voltage-mode second-order filter with three inputs and single output using operational floating current conveyors (OFCC) is presented. The configuration uses two OFCC, two capacitors and three resistors. The proposed filter offers the following advantages: realization of low pass, high pass, band pass, notch and all pass filter from the same configuration; no requirement for component-matching conditions or cancellation constraints, which makes the universal filter easier to design; orthogonal adjustment of ω₀ and Q; low active and passive sensitivities, using active elements of the same type (two OFCC)