FIR filter structures having low sensitivity and roundoff noise

A class of structures for FIR filters is presented, which exhibits reduced coefficient sensitivity and superior round-off noise properties as compared to the direct form realization. It is shown that using fixed-point arithmetic, these structures achieve the same accuracy and about the same roundoff noise as those obtained in the floating-point implementation. The optimum structure to achieve the minimum roundoff noise can be found; in most cases, near optimum results are easily obtained by simple permutations and combinations of the impulse response coefficients.