Neurofeedback training on memory enhancement in humans

Neurofeedback training (NFT) is an operant conditioning through a real-time interactive interface to display information of brain activity. NFT of the sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) is demonstrated a great benefit in neurological or psychological disorders in the clinic. However, effect of SMR NFT is controversial and mechanism remains largely unknown. In the present study, the mu group showed significant enhancement of semantic and working memories after NFT, and enhancement of semantic memory was significantly related to increase duration and power of mu rhythm. SMR group showed enhancement of semantic memory with no correlation to SMR parameters. Our results suggest that mu rhythm may become a better way to facilitate memory processing in a NFT.