Multilevel planning and control: A non-iterative approach and its application to water quality management

Planning (long-term and aggregate) and control (short-term, detailed, and possibly online) activities take place at different levels of an organizational hierarchy. A decision process model is synthesized using the composition principle for formulation, Stackelberg-incentives for coordination, and periodic optimization for the solution. The model is then applied to a water quality management problem. Performance of the model is empirically investigated.