Method for meter and RTU placement for state estimation purposes

This paper presents a method that allows, in a straightforward manner, observability analysis and restoration, local measurements redundancy analysis, restoration and identification as well as increasing in the redundancy of critical remote terminal units (RTU). Consequently the method is a useful tool either to design a new measurement set or to upgrade an existing one. The proposed method allows the obtention of measurements placement plans that, besides making the system observable, maintain the observability when 1 or 2 measurements are lost, at same time, or even when an RTU is lost In order to do that, the proposed method analyzes the structure of the HΔ matrix, obtained from a triangular factorization of the Jacobian matrix. To prove the efficiency of the proposed method, several tests were made using the IEEE-14-bus system and a 121-bus system from ELETROSUL, a Brazilian utility.