An energy aware and distance based hierarchical routing protocol in WSNs

The sensor nodes deployed in wireless sensor networks are extremely power constrained, so maximizing the lifetime of the entire networks is mainly considered in the design. Clustering has been proven to be energy-efficient in sensor networks since data routing and relaying are only operated by cluster heads. cluster heads can process, filter and aggregate data sent by cluster members then send aggregated data with a routing tree algorithm to the sink, thus it reduce network load and energy consumption. In this paper, an energy aware and distance based hierarchical algorithm(EDRP) with optimum parameters is designed for reducing the energy consumption and prolonging the network lifetime, where cluster heads and routing tree are selected following two parameters between each sensor and its neighbours that includes distance from each node (others or base station) and residual energy of the nodes. Simulation results in the NS-2 platform demonstrate the longer network lifetime of the EDRP than the better-known clustering protocols, LEACH and EAP.