Model verification and validation

In this paper we outline practical techniques and guidelines for verifying and validating simulation models. The goal of verification and validation is a model that is accurate when used to predict the performance of the real-world system that it represents, or to predict the difference in performance between two scenarios or two model configurations. The process of verifying and validating a model should also lead to improving a model´s credibility with decision makers. We provide examples of a number of typical situations where model developers may make inappropriate or inaccurate assumptions, and offer guidelines and techniques for carrying out verification and validation.