Title :
A compact 24–26 GHz IPD-based 4×4 Butler matrix for beam forming antenna systems
Author :
Haroun, Ibrahim ; Ta-Yeh Lin ; Da-Chiang Chang ; Plett, Calvin
Author_Institution :
Carleton Univ., Ottawa, ON, Canada
Abstract :
A compact 24-26 GHz low loss 4×4 Butler matrix is implemented in an IPD (integrated passive device) technology and presented in this paper. A modified coplanar waveguide (M-CPW) branch line coupler is utilized as the core element of the Butler matrix. The proposed Butler matrix occupies a chip area of 2.2 × 1.9 mm2 (excluding the I/O test pads). The measured results showed output relative phase errors of less than 5% over a frequency range of 26-29 GHz and less than 13% over 24-25 GHz, and output amplitude imbalances of less than 1.3 dB over a frequency range of 24-27 GHz. The proposed Butler matrix is well suited for use in microwave low-cost, high performance beam forming wireless communications systems.
Keywords :
array signal processing; coplanar waveguides; microwave antennas; waveguide couplers; M-CPW branch line coupler; beam forming antenna systems; compact IPD-based 4×4 Butler matrix; compact low loss 4×4 Butler matrix; core element; frequency 24 GHz to 27 GHz; frequency 26 GHz to 29 GHz; integrated passive device; microwave low-cost; modified coplanar waveguide; wireless communications systems; Butler matrix; Couplers; Frequency measurement; Loss measurement; Phase measurement; Ports (Computers); Transmission line measurements; Branch line couplers; Butler matrix; CPW transmission lines; IPD technology;
Conference_Titel :
Microwave Conference Proceedings (APMC), 2012 Asia-Pacific
Conference_Location :
Kaohsiung
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4577-1330-9
Electronic_ISBN :
978-1-4577-1331-6
DOI :
10.1109/APMC.2012.6421793
