A novel Hemispherical Dielectric Resonator Antenna with rectangular slot and Defected Ground Structure for low cross polar and wideband applications

In this paper, a novel Hemispherical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (HDRA) with a rectangular slot and rectangular shaped Defected Ground Structure (DGS) is proposed and investigated. A total of three slots are etched as DGS. The central slot is a pierce through slot, protruding from the ground plane to the HDRA. In doing so, the bandwidth of operation increases from 10.4% to 23% (S₁₁ <; -10 dB) with a gain of 5.85 dBi at the fundamental resonant frequency. The fundamental frequency of resonance is 2 GHz which excites the TE₁₁₁ mode in the HDRA. Further, the effect of DGS modifies the current distribution on the ground which leads to very low cross polar power levels in the radiation pattern.