A Cube Based Model for RFID Coverage Problem in Three-Dimensional Space

In this paper, we consider the RFID reader coverage problem in three-dimensional space. We propose a cube-based model to describe both the reading region of readers and the area covered by reading regions. In our cube-based model, we place a reader into a large cube, which is equally cut into n small cubes. Then, we can use a mathematical three-dimensional matrix to model the reading region and covered area. Finally, we modify the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to maximize the coverage rate and minimize the overlap rate. Our simulation results show that the proposed model and algorithm are efficient for solving the RFID coverage problem in three-dimensional space.