Bio-Heat Transfer Model of Deep Brain Stimulation Induced Temperature changes

There is a growing interest in the use of chronic deep brain stimulation (DBS) for the treatment of medically refractory movement disorders and other neurological and psychiatric conditions. Fundamental questions remain about the physiologic effects and safety of DBS. Previous basic research studies have focused on the direct polarization of neuronal membranes by electrical stimulation. The goal of this paper is to provide information on the thermal effects of DBS using finite element models to investigate the magnitude and spatial distribution of DBS induced temperature changes. The parameters investigated include: stimulation waveform, lead selection, brain tissue electrical and thermal conductivity, blood perfusion, metabolic heat generation during the stimulation. Our results show that clinical deep brain stimulation protocols will increase the temperature of surrounding tissue by up to 0.8degC depending on stimulation/tissue parameters