Title :
Single heart cell force measured in standard CMOS
Author :
Lin, Gisela ; Palmer, Roy E. ; Pister, Kristofer S J ; Roos, K.P.
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. Eng., California Univ., Los Angeles, CA, USA
Abstract :
Active force from living individual heart cells has been measured using a standard CMOS piezoresistive force transducer. Signal-to-noise ratio of over 10:1 was achieved with a Wheatstone bridge and on-chip CMOS amplifier. The sensing mechanism involves the deflection of a cantilever beam with a strain gauge at the base. The system response is roughly 2.4 V/μm in both air and saline environments. To date we have measured contractile forces up to 32 μN in response to an externally applied calcium stimulus
Keywords :
CMOS integrated circuits; biological techniques; biomechanics; biomedical electronics; cardiology; cellular biophysics; force measurement; piezoresistive devices; strain gauges; Ca; Wheatstone bridge; active force; cantilever beam deflection; contractile forces; externally applied calcium stimulus; living individual heart cells; on-chip CMOS amplifier; rat heart cell contractions; saline environments; signal-to-noise ratio; single heart cell force; standard CMOS; standard CMOS piezoresistive force transducer; strain gauge; Bridge circuits; Calcium; Capacitive sensors; Force measurement; Heart; Measurement standards; Piezoresistance; Signal to noise ratio; Structural beams; Transducers;
Conference_Titel :
Solid State Sensors and Actuators, 1997. TRANSDUCERS '97 Chicago., 1997 International Conference on
Conference_Location :
Chicago, IL
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-3829-4
DOI :
10.1109/SENSOR.1997.613617
