Pixel-wise based digital watermarking using mean filter in chrominance channel

This paper proposes a method used to improve the retrieval performance of the digital watermarking based on the modification of image pixels. By embedding the watermark in the chrominance channel and using the mean filter with 3×3 window size in the watermark extraction process, the accuracy of the extracted watermark can be improved. Sets of experiment are carried out to verify our concept. The results show that, at equivalent image quality, our proposed watermarking method achieves a better performance in term of NC, compared to the previous method. The results also show the improved robustness of our method against additive Gaussian noise, JPEG compression standard and image cropping at various strengths.