Modeling of government-initiated collusive bidding - an approach with gaming simulation -

In recent years bid collusion cases in public procurement are focused as social problems. It is focused especially on the problem of government-initiated collusive bidding, that government elect the successful bidder beforehand while taking the form of the competitive bidding officially. Focusing on process for players in public procurement to make formation of collusion, the environment where problems of collusion in public procurement is analyzed is built. With gaming simulation, it is suggested that ldquoknowledgerdquo is key concept on process to make formation of collusion.