Towards distributed and dynamic backpressure routing for wireless mesh networks

This paper evaluates the applicability to WMNs of dynamic backpressure routing strategies, which theoretically maximize throughput but can result in high end-to-end delays. We present a distributed and (quasi-)stateless routing protocol called DiPUMP (forwarDIng of Packets for distribUted resource consuMPtion). Unlike the theoretical form of the backpressure algorithm, DiPUMP does not require a centralized entity computing the routes for the whole network at any instant. Therefore, its distributed operation enables its implementation and deployment in practical WMNs. By taking routing decisions on a per-packet basis, DiPUMP is able to substantially improve aggregated throughput, while maintaining acceptable end-to-end delays. We compare DiPUMP with a tree-based protocol, which is taken as a representative protocol for topology-based strategies. NS-3 simulation results show that DiPUMP and tree-based routing behave similarly under light loads. However, under medium and high loads, DiPUMP provides better results in terms of aggregated throughput, delay, and fairness.