Title :
Small- and large-area CIGS modules by co-evaporation
Author :
Niemi, E. ; Hedström, J. ; Martinsson, T. ; Granath, K. ; Stolt, L. ; Skarp, J. ; Hariskos, D. ; Ruckh, M. ; Schock, H.W.
Author_Institution :
Nordic Solar Energy AB, Kista, Sweden
Abstract :
A system for large-area deposition of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 by co-evaporation has been built and taken into operation. The system is designed after a patented approach, to use the kind of in-line process we are using in our small-area research work. Small-area laboratory cells have been made from CuInSe2 and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 films fabricated by the in-line process reaching active area efficiencies as high as 15.4% (CuInSe2) and 17.6% (Cu(In,Ga)Se2). Our Cu(In,Ga)Se2 module technology is described and the best results are reported. Best obtained aperture area efficiency for small modules (15 cm2) is 12.4% made on Cu(In,Ga)Se, films from our small-area deposition system. The large-area deposition system has produced CuInSe2 from which small-area cells with conversion efficiencies of 8.3% have been obtained so far
Keywords :
copper compounds; indium compounds; semiconductor thin films; solar cells; ternary semiconductors; vapour deposited coatings; 8.3 to 17.6 percent; Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar modules; Cu(InGa)Se2; CuInSe2; aperture area efficiency; co-evaporation; in-line process; large-area solar cells; small-area solar cells; Buffer layers; Cleaning; Conductors; Glass; Laboratories; Photovoltaic cells; Substrates; Thermal expansion; Transistors; Zinc oxide;
Conference_Titel :
Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 1996., Conference Record of the Twenty Fifth IEEE
Conference_Location :
Washington, DC
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-3166-4
DOI :
10.1109/PVSC.1996.564249
