Title :
Reciprocity evaluation of the parabolic equation for propagation over a tri-linear terrain
Author_Institution :
RAFAEL, Haifa, Israel
Abstract :
The inaccuracies in the standard parabolic equation that are caused by violation of certain specified conditions are studied. Such violations are simulated by manipulating the slope of the middle portion of a trilinear terrain and its proximity to the transmitting antenna. The principle of reciprocity is used to provide a measure of the inaccuracy of results. For the trilinear terrain considered, it was seen that parabolic equation solutions failed for steep slopes. For slopes near the source, the sources of the implicit finite difference-Green´s function method near the ground depended on the vertical extent of the mesh; a shorter mesh yielded superior results. Most of the predictions, as indicated by the reciprocity principle, were unexpectedly accurate.<>
Keywords :
Green´s function methods; finite difference methods; parabolic equations; radiowave propagation; implicit finite difference-Green´s function method; inaccuracies; mesh vertical extent; radiowave propagation; reciprocity principle; standard parabolic equation; steep slopes; transmitting antenna; trilinear terrain; vertical extent; Antenna measurements; Antennas and propagation; Atmosphere; Backscatter; Differential equations; Finite difference methods; Green´s function methods; Propagation losses; Sections; Transmitting antennas;
Conference_Titel :
Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 1992. AP-S. 1992 Digest. Held in Conjuction with: URSI Radio Science Meeting and Nuclear EMP Meeting., IEEE
Conference_Location :
Chicago, IL, USA
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-0730-5
DOI :
10.1109/APS.1992.221642
