New device/circuit integration

Summary form only given. In the field of microwave control circuits, arrays of interconnected diodes have been demonstrated to be useful in quasi-optical systems for applications as diverse as switching, phase shifting, and frequency multiplication. An integrated 464-diode W-band switch reported by Stephan and Goldsmith was discussed, and the work by Rutledge et al. on diode-grid phase shifters, frequency multipliers, and high-dynamic range mixers was considered. Two-terminal active devices such as Gunn diodes are featured prominently in several power-combining schemes. York et al. have demonstrated a 16-element Gunn-diode array that produces 22 W EIRP at 9.6 GHz. In addition, they have discovered that under the right conditions, arrays of Gunn diodes can mode-lock together, giving rise to novel pulse effects. Turning to transistor circuits, Itoh et al. have developed several interesting and useful circuits, including one that allows both external injection-locking and quasi-optical power-combining.<>