A novel solution based on cognitive heterogeneous networks for removing black spots in TETRA coverage area

Digital Terrestrial Trunked Radio System (TETRA) standard was developed by ETSI to fulfill the rapid changing growth and demands of high bandwidth applications of voice and data required by both PMR and PAMR users. TETRA networks as based on the cellular architecture approach which offers low capital and maintenance cost solution for the deployment of traditional PMR telephony and digital data transmission. TETRA networks are designed on the principle of point to multipoint wireless architecture, which allow it to offer voice and data services at same time to emergency response teams. TETRA network coverage area is affected by the presence of black spots no signal coverage areas where communication between the TETRA mobile user and TETRA base station is not possible. In this paper a technique based on Heterogeneous Cognitive approach with simulations is proposed to eliminate the problem of black spots in TETRA networks.