Integrated harmonic balance and electromagnetic optimization with geometry capture

This paper presents an integrated approach to nonlinear circuit optimization. Electromagnetic simulations are seamlessly integrated into harmonic balance simulation and optimization. For the first time, complicated planar structures can be made fully optimizable through the parameterization process of this geometry capture technique. They are then treated as individual elements in electromagnetic simulations and are embedded into the overall nonlinear circuit to be optimized. A comprehensive class B frequency doubler design demonstrates our approach.<>