Title : 
22.3% efficient silicon solar cell module
         
        
            Author : 
Zhao, Jianhua ; Wang, Aihua ; Abbaspour-Sani, Ebrahim ; Yun, Fei ; Green, Martin A. ; King, David L.
         
        
            Author_Institution : 
Centre for Photovoltaic Devices & Syst., New South Wales Univ., Sydney, NSW, Australia
         
        
        
        
        
        
            Abstract : 
This paper reports a recent result of 22.3% solar cell module efficiency independently confirmed at Sandia National Laboratories. This is the highest confirmed module efficiency for a module of this size achieved by solar cells made on any material. Modified double layer antireflection coated PERL (passivated emitter, rear locally-diffused) solar cells of 23% efficiency are used in this module. This double layer coating, together with the redesigned solar cell structure and a shingled encapsulation technique, considerably contributed to this efficiency improvement
         
        
            Keywords : 
elemental semiconductors; encapsulation; passivation; silicon; solar cell arrays; solar cells; 22.3 percent; PERL solar cells; Sandia National Laboratories; Si; Si solar cell module; efficiency improvement; modified double-layer antireflection coating; passivated emitter rear locally-diffused solar cells; semiconductor; shingled encapsulation technique; solar cell redesign; Coatings; Encapsulation; Fingers; Laboratories; Photovoltaic cells; Photovoltaic systems; Reflection; Silicon; Solar power generation; Surface resistance;
         
        
        
        
            Conference_Titel : 
Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 1996., Conference Record of the Twenty Fifth IEEE
         
        
            Conference_Location : 
Washington, DC
         
        
        
            Print_ISBN : 
0-7803-3166-4
         
        
        
            DOI : 
10.1109/PVSC.1996.564347