DocumentCode :
3213950
Title :
Breakthrough underwater technology holds promise for improved local tsunami warnings
Author :
Paros, J. ; Bernard, E. ; Delaney, J. ; Meinig, C. ; Spillane, M. ; Migliacio, P. ; Tang, L. ; Chadwick, W. ; Schaad, T. ; Stalin, S.
fYear :
2011
fDate :
5-8 April 2011
Firstpage :
1
Lastpage :
9
Abstract :
Recent advances in deep-ocean tsunami measurement technology coupled with tsunami forecast models have demonstrated that tsunami impact can be predicted before the tsunami reaches the affected coastlines. Since 2004, tsunami impacts have been predicted for 33 tsunamis detected in the deep-ocean with about 80% accuracy when observations and predictions at tide gauges are compared. In most of these tsunamis, the forecast was based on observations typically 1000km or more from the earthquake epicenter. A remaining challenge is to forecast tsunamis in the near field where the tsunami signal may be overwhelmed by the earthquake vibrations. A new generation of pressure sensors, named nano-resolution pressure sensors, can provide high temporal resolution of the earthquake and tsunami signals without losing precision. The nano-resolution pressure sensor offers a state-of-the-science ability to separate earthquake vibrations and other oceanic noise from tsunami waveforms, paving the way for accurate, early warnings of local tsunamis. This study describes an experiment, begun on June 30, 2010 at the Monterey Accelerated Research System (MARS) cabled observatory in Monterey, California, comparing conventional pressure sensors with the nano-resolution sensor at a depth of approximately 900m. The study will include examples of earthquakes, both local and remote, detected by the nano-resolution pressure sensor since its deployment. Wavelet analysis has been employed to identify two remote micro-tsunamis in late 2010. The events (Dec. 21, M7.4 at Bonin Island; Dec. 25, M7.3 near Vanuatu) produced tsunami signals of 1-2 mm in amplitude in Monterey Bay at periods near 14 minutes.
Keywords :
earthquakes; oceanographic regions; oceanographic techniques; seismology; tsunami; AD 2010 06 30; Bonin Island; California; Monterey Accelerated Research System cabled observatory; Monterey Bay; Vanuatu; deep-ocean tsunami measurement technology; earthquake epicenter; earthquake vibrations; high temporal resolution; local tsunami warnings; microtsunamis; nanoresolution pressure sensors; oceanic noise; tide gauges; tsunami forecast models; tsunami impact; tsunami signal; tsunami waveforms; wavelet analysis; Earthquakes; Instruments; Mars; Sea measurements; Seismic measurements; Sensors; Tsunami;
fLanguage :
English
Publisher :
ieee
Conference_Titel :
Underwater Technology (UT), 2011 IEEE Symposium on and 2011 Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies (SSC)
Conference_Location :
Tokyo
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4577-0165-8
Type :
conf
DOI :
10.1109/UT.2011.5774145
Filename :
5774145
Link To Document :
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