Nanopipelining of NML using multiferroic single-domain nanomagnets

A recent technology, multiferroic single-domain nanomagnets are very promising for energy efficient nanomagnetic logic (NML) applications with benefits of ultra-low energy consumption and inherent non-volatility. In this paper we evaluate pipelined signal propagation in fundamental nanomagnetic logic elements using a four phase local clocking scheme. We demonstrate that low energy consuming operation is possible with this technology at single nanomagnet level reaching clock frequency of ~100 MHz while still maintaining ultra-low energy consumption.