Title :
A study on the radiation hardness of lead tungstate crystals
Author :
Zhu, R.Y. ; Deng, Q. ; Newman, H. ; Woody, C.L. ; Kierstead, J.A. ; Stoll, S.P.
Author_Institution :
California Inst. of Technol., Pasadena, CA, USA
Abstract :
This report presents recent progress of a study on the radiation damage in lead tungstate (PbWO4) crystals. The dose rate dependence of radiation damage in PbWO4 has been observed, confirming our early prediction based upon a kinetic model of color centers. An optimization of the oxygen compensation through post-growth thermal annealing, carried out in Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, has led to PbWO4 crystals with significantly improved radiation hardness. A comparison between front versus uniform irradiations revealed that the later caused a factor of 2 to 6 times more severe damage. A measurement of a preliminary batch of lanthanum doped PbWO4 crystals indicates that the La doping seems not a determine factor for PbWO4 radiation hardness improvement. Finally, a TEM/EDS analysis confirmed our previous conjecture that the radiation damage in PbWO4 crystals is caused by oxygen vacancies
Keywords :
annealing; gamma-ray detection; gamma-ray effects; lanthanum; lead compounds; radiation hardening; solid scintillation detectors; transmission electron microscopy; vacancies (crystal); O compensation; PbWO4:La; TEM/EDS analysis; crystals; dose rate dependence; postgrowth thermal annealing; radiation damage; radiation hardness; solid scintillation detector; transmission electron microscopy; vacancies; Annealing; Ceramics; Collision mitigation; Crystals; Kinetic theory; Lanthanum; Large Hadron Collider; Lead; Predictive models; Silicon carbide;
Conference_Titel :
Nuclear Science Symposium, 1997. IEEE
Conference_Location :
Albuquerque, NM
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-4258-5
DOI :
10.1109/NSSMIC.1997.672582
