Tunable voltage-mode multifunction biqaudratic filter with grounded capacitors and resistors using two DDCCs

This paper introduces a tunable voltage-mode multifunction biquadratic filter. The proposed configuration employs two differential difference current conveyors (DDCCs), three grounded resistors and two grounded capacitors. The filter can realize highpass, bandpass and lowpass filter responses, simultaneously. The circuit offers the following advantages: (i) using grounded capacitors attractive for integration and absorbing shunt parasitic capacitance, (ii) using grounded resistor at X terminal of DDCC suitable for the variations of filter parameters and absorbing series parasitic resistances at X terminal of DDCC, (iii) high input impedance good for cascadability, (iv) no need to change the filter topology, (v) no need to component-matching conditions, (vi) orthogonal tunable of the resonance angular frequency and quality factor, and (vii) low active and passive sensitivity performances. HSPICE and MATLAB simulations results are provided to demonstrate the theoretical analysis.