Title :
Biochemical sensors
Author :
Heineman, W.R. ; Halsall, H.B.
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Chem., Cincinnati Univ., OH, USA
Abstract :
Biosensors based on a biological reaction that is very specific for the analyte can achieve a high level of selectivity. Examples are given for sensors based on enzymatic and immunological reactions. An enzymatic-based sensor for lactate has been made by immobilizing lactate oxidase on platinized graphite electrodes. The enzyme is entrapped in a polymeric network of poly(vinyl alcohol) that is formed by gamma radiation cross-linking. Capillary immunoassays that require les than 100 mu L of sample and that can detect extremely small amounts of analyte are examples of sensors based on immunological reactions. A detection limit of only 30000 molecules for IgG in serum was achieved with a sandwich assay using a 70- mu L hematocrit blood collection tube as the capillary.<>
Keywords :
biosensors; blood; capillarity; chemical sensors; electrochemical analysis; polymer films; C-Pt; blood collection tube; capillary immunoassays; enzymatic-based sensor; gamma radiation cross-linking; immunological reactions; lactate; organic compounds; poly(vinyl alcohol; polymeric network; Biochemistry; Biosensors; Chemical and biological sensors; Chemical elements; Electrodes; Electrostatic analysis; Gamma ray detectors; Gamma rays; Immune system; Polymer films;
Conference_Titel :
Solid-State Sensor and Actuator Workshop, 1992. 5th Technical Digest., IEEE
Conference_Location :
Hilton Head Island, SC, USA
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-0456-X
DOI :
10.1109/SOLSEN.1992.228315
