Nanofabrication of inorganic structures utilizing biotechnology

Several research groups proposed the introduction of biomolecules into the semiconductor process (Yamashita, 2001; Hikono et al., 2003). We proposed the fabrication of key component of quantum electronic devices and named the process bio nano process (BNP). The first step is making inorganic or semiconductor nanoparticle (NP) or nanowire (NW) in the protein cavity by biomineralization. The second step is aligning these hetero-complex, inner NP/NW and outer protein, on the substrate by self-organization via interaction of the protein surface. The last step is eliminating protein moiety and making inorganic nanostructures for devices. The essences of the BNP is the combination of protein homogeneity, biomineralization, and self-assembly. NPs or NWs biomineralized in the protein cavities are the same size and the protein shell surrounding them serve to make nanostructures by self-assembly.