An efficient handover scheme with pre-configured tunneling in IEEE 802.16e Systems

The IEEE 802.16e system is a specification that supports the IEEE 802.16, fixed broadband wireless access (BWA) system with mobility management scheme. Along with this standard, there are many researches on how to transmit the high rate of data seamlessly during the MNpsilas fast movement. With the IEEE 802.16e standard, to resume the active session of IP connectivity, the Internet engineering task force (IETF) proposed mobile IPv6 fast handover protocol (FMIPv6). FMIPv6 has two handover modes: one is predictive mode which performs L3-handover after complete establishment of the tunnel between access routers (ARs) and the other is reactive mode which performs the handover without the tunnel. If this L3-handover is executed in reactive mode, the handover latency and packet losses are increased due to the absence of the tunnel. To solve this problem, we propose a fast tunneling scheme that guarantees the establishment of the tunnel between ARs prior to the execution step of handover. This proposed scheme removes the case of the execution of handover in reactive mode and shows reduced handover latency and packet losses compared to the existing scheme.