Measurements analysis of bistatic reflections from the surface of the sea on the S-band

When designing radar systems it is important to understand the behavior of electromagnetic waves that are reflected from the surface, i.e. sea or ground. At three different occasions in the years of 1999 and 2000, extensive recordings of radar signals on the S-band were carried out above the sea. Data from the recordings were then thoroughly analyzed to provide a general description of the bistatic reflections at sea for electromagnetic waves on the S-band as a function of four angles at the points of reflection as well as the sea state. The result illustrates a novel characteristic for the diffuse reflections. Typically, the analysis indicates that the diffuse reflections decrease less rapidly than indicated in the literature when moving away from the line between the source and the receiver. The results constitute a basis for further considerations, e.g. a development of a generic analytical mathematic expression describing the bistatic reflections.