A Local-centralized Adaptive Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we developed a local-centralized adaptive clustering algorithm, two-phase cluster formation algorithm (TCF), which concerns not only energy efficiency but also the reliability and the steadiness of the wireless sensor networks. TCF proposes a local-centralized mechanism to elect cluster-heads which makes election of cluster-head more reasonable and improves the efficiency of energy consumption. TCF provides a twice cluster-formation model which imposes the feature of load balance on wireless sensor networks by distributing evenly the communication load and the load of data fusion among cluster-heads. TCF also suggests a parameter to measure the probability of network congestion in hierarchical applications of WSNs.