Central Angle Decision Algorithm in Coverage-Preserving Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor networks, energy efficiency is a key design factor to prolong the network lifetime. Recently, optimal coverage-preserving scheme (OCoPS) is proposed in the work of Boukerche et al., (2005) as an extension of the low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol with the coverage-preserving scheme which saves energy consumption through excluding redundant nodes of which sensing ranges are fully overlapped by their on-duty neighbors. Nevertheless, in some stringent applications such as battlefield surveillance, fire detection, and toxic liquid leaking detection, the higher network coverage quality is also strictly required. In this paper, we propose the central angle decision algorithm (CADA) which guarantees no coverage-hole during the coverage-preserving scheme. To evaluate applicability of our proposed algorithm to routing protocols and its performance, we extend the OCoPS routing protocol with CADA, namely, the optimal coverage-preserving scheme with the central angel decision algorithm (OCoPS_CADA). Extensive simulations show that the OCoPS_CADA outperforms the OCoPS by initially guaranteeing 100% of the network coverage.