Planar array for signal tracking using sliding window approach

The problem of determining the directions of arrival (DOAs) of multiple sources arises in a number of radar applications. Most of the direction-finding (DF) algorithms have been presented in the context of estimating a single angle per source (e.g., azimuth only), generalizations to the azimuth-elevation case are very important. The main goal of this paper is to develop a planar array model for beamforming and estimating movement parameters of the targets as a generalization to the local polynomial approximation (LPA) approach. So, the problem of narrowband direction of arrival tracking using sliding window is applied using LPA technique. The LPA beamformer performance expressions and the problem of window length choice are studied. The optimization of window length is based on the bias-to-variance tradeoff. This is valid for a wide class of time-varying single source cases, as well as multiple source cases with a sufficient source separation in angle or angular velocity.