Visual code widgets for marker-based interaction

We present a set of graphical user interface elements, called widgets, for 2 dimensional visual codes. The proposed widgets are suitable for printing on paper as well as showing on electronic displays. Visual code markers and their orientation parameters are recognizable by camera-equipped mobile devices in real time in the live camera image. The associated widgets are specifically designed for marker-based interaction. They define basic building blocks for creating applications that incorporate mobile devices as well as resources in the user´s environment, such as paper documents, posters, and public electronic displays. In particular, we present visual code menus (vertical menus and pie menus), check boxes, radio buttons, sliders, dials, and free-form input widgets. We describe the associated interaction idioms and outline potential application areas.