Economic and environmental assessment of improving energy efficiency in Lebanese industrial sector

Baseline scenarios for future energy use and CO₂ emissions are developed for the industrial sector in Lebanon. Energy use in industry and the corresponding GHG emissions for Lebanon are projected in baseline scenarios that reflect technologies, activities and practices that are likely to evolve from the base year 1994 to year 2040. The scenarios are directly, linked to the economic conditions in the country. In most industries, the industrial $ value growth rate is assumed to be the same as the economic growth of the GDP. Using macroeconomic assessment and energy price assumptions, the final estimates of potential energy savings and GHG emissions and reduction costs of various energy options scenarios arc computed and cost curves are generated. Results show that the use of efficient electric motors, efficient boilers and furnaces with fuel switching from fuel oil to natural gas has the largest impact on GHG emissions at a levelized annual cost range from -5 to 4$/GJ of energy saved. The negative costs are indicative of direct savings obtained in energy cost