DocumentCode
3337413
Title
Cold weather effects on Class 1 hazardous electrical installations
Author
Rowe, Vincent G. ; Howell, George F. ; Lobay, George
Author_Institution
Ramco Electr. Consulting, Canada
fYear
1999
fDate
1999
Firstpage
121
Lastpage
128
Abstract
With the increased exploration of oil and gas in cold climates, such as Alaska, Canada, China and Russia, there is an increasing demand for hazardous electrical equipment for use in extremely cold environments. Electrical equipment and associated wiring systems must be designed to operate properly in hazardous areas with extremely cold environments where temperatures go below minus 50°C. The traditional testing requirements did not evaluate electrical products at these low temperatures. The introduction of the zone concept in North America will introduce new products and materials to the petroleum industry. This paper discusses the effects of cold weather environments on a variety of electrical equipment, arriving at some conclusions on future designs of hazardous electrical equipment for these environments
Keywords
petroleum industry; power apparatus; wiring; Alaska; Canada; China; Class 1 hazardous electrical installations; North America; Russia; cold weather effects; cold weather environments; extremely cold environments; hazardous electrical equipment; petroleum industry; testing requirements; wiring systems; zone concept; Electrical capacitance tomography; Flammability; Hazardous areas; Hazardous materials; Material storage; Petroleum; Temperature distribution; Testing; USA Councils; Ventilation;
fLanguage
English
Publisher
ieee
Conference_Titel
Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference, 1999. Industry Applications Society 46th Annual
Conference_Location
San Diego, CA
ISSN
0090-3507
Print_ISBN
0-7803-5601-2
Type
conf
DOI
10.1109/PCICON.1999.806429
Filename
806429
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