Notice of RetractionEffect of COD/Sulfate Ratios on Batch Anaerobic Digestion Using Sulfate-Reduction Bacteria

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

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A study on effects of the COD/sulfate ratio on characteristics of sulfate-reduction bacteria (SRB) in activated sludge of a UASB reactor was performed in batch anaerobic digestion experiment. Changes of pH in samples were 7.22~8.17 which was beneficial to the growth of SRB with high sulfate removal efficiency. Sulfate reduction efficiencies of COD/sulfate ratios from 0.43 to 3.03 were 18.7(R1), 38.3(R2), 69.7(R3), 86.6(R4), 94.3(R5), 93.2(R6), 92.3(R7) %. Alone with COD/sulfate ratio increased, sulfate reduction efficiency also increased for R1~R5. However, the result was the opposite for R5~R7. It had been demonstrated that the activity of SRB at the COD/sulfate ratio of 2.17 was the best. Total sulfide produced by sulfate reached the maximum of 100 mg/L at the COD/sulfate ratio of 2.17. Sulfate reduction inhibition could not be caused by the total sulfide.