Notice of RetractionStudy on Combined Technology of Biofiltration, Flocculation and Membrane in Treatment of Paper Mill Waste Water

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.

Treatability and the performance of available treatment processes of waste water from some paper mill in east China was been investigated. Immobilized biofiltration, flocculation and membrane technology were involved in this research. The results indicated that biofiltration or flocculation can reduce the COD with high efficiency but little effect on electric conductivity (EC) of the paper machine effluent. In the biofiltration treatment process, the optimum hydraulic retention time was 4-5 h and the COD removal rate was above 50%. In the flocculation treatment process, the optimum flocculant dosage was 10-15 mg/L and the COD removal rate was above 40%. However, combinations of biofiltration-membrane treatment processes and flocculation-membrane treatment processes were found high efficient in the reduction of EC as well as the COD of the waste water. After the combined treatment of flocculation-membrane system, EC and COD of the treated water were only about 35 μS/cm and 3.6 mg/L respectively. After the combined treatment of biofiltration-membrane system, EC and COD of the treated water were only about 30 μS/cm and 5.2 mg/L respectively. In both cases, the measured parameters are below the quality standard for paper machine recirculation.