Author_Institution :
Northeast Inst. of Geogr. & Agric. Ecology, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Changchun, China
Abstract :
Notice of Retraction
After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.
We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.
The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.
Freeze/thaw cycles (FTCs) is one of the important environment factors which can make the Cd and Zn forms (Tessier et al. sequential extraction methods) transformation. The investigations indicated that additional Cd exchangeable and organic matter binding forms in the phaiozem had negative linearity correlation with FTCs (p<;0.01), respectively. After 12 times of FTCs, the Cd exchangeable and organic matter binding forms decreased 4.42% and 8.40%, respectively, as compared with those of the Control Samples (CSs). Adversely, the Cd iron-manganese oxide binding and residual forms had positive linearity correlation with FTCs (p<;0.01), respectively. After 12 times of FTCs, the Cd iron-manganese oxide binding and residual forms increased 10.44% and 6.17% respectively, as compared with those of the CSs. It was induced that the Cd organic matter binding form could not only transform to the residual form, but also to the iron-manganese oxide binding form with the increase of FTCs. The form transformations of Zn were different from those of Cd because of its relatively high content in soil and special chemical characteristics. After 8 times of FTCs, the Zn exchangeable, iron-manganese oxide binding forms decreased 3.42% and 11.65% respectively, and then changed a little. Whereas, the Zn organic matter binding form increased firstly and then decreased gradually. After 12 times of FTCs, the Zn organic matter binding form and residual forms increased 3.42% and 18.84%, respectively. The correlations between all forms- of Zn and FTCs followed quadratic functions, and their coefficients were between 0.947 and 0.999.
Keywords :
cadmium; geochemistry; organic compounds; soil pollution; zinc; Cd; China; Zn; environment factor; freeze cycle; iron-manganese oxide binding formation; negative linearity correlation analysis; organic matter; phaiozem transformation; positive linearity correlation analysis; quadratic function; sequential extraction method; special chemical characteristics; thaw cycle; Aggregates; Cascading style sheets; Correlation; Soil; Transforms; Zinc;
