Notice of RetractionToxicity of Nano-Manganese Dioxide Particles on Tetrahymena pyriformis GL

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

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Nano-MnO₂ particles, compared with the normal one, have greater conductivity and penetrating ability; this couple of properties makes it popular in the electrochemical industry, and also, a potential threat to the ecosystem. We report here that nano-MnO₂ particles markedly inhibit the population growth of an indicative organism, Tetrahymena pyriformis GL in a dose dependent manner. And such inhibition effect is much stronger than that of the normal-MnO₂ particles at the same concentration. We calculate the Tetrahymena pyriformis GL population´s abundance after treatment with nanoand normal MnO₂ particles in divisions within a time dimension (12 24 and 36 h); the data collections of each time are in a highly consistence and shows that the inhibition effect grows when exposure time is longer. Moreover, the uptake and excluding of nano-MnO₂ particles by Tetrahymena pyriformis GL are photographed. Uptake of nano-MnO₂ particles is easier than that of normal sized ones and the amount increases with the raising of particle concentration. Thus, we conclude that nano-MnO₂ particles has certain ecotoxicity as it enters and subsequently inhibits the growth of Tetrahymena pyriformis population.