Notice of RetractionEnvironmental Impact Prediction of Electron Donors on the Reductive Transformation of Hexachlorocyclohexane: Environmental Assessment of HCH Bioremediation

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

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Environmental impact prediction of electron donors amendment on the reductive transformation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) was assessed by using a life cycle approach. Five scenarios commonly used in HCH bioreductive transformation were compared: 1) glucose, 2) acetate, 3) lactate, 4) pyruvate and 5) ethanol. For all scenarios, results showed the impact seen from respiratory inorganics, global warming, and non-renewable energy categories had an important contribution to overall environmental impact, whereas the impact seen from rest categories were negligible. Specifically, the emissions from the electron donor production processes involved played an important role in all scenarios, while the potential impact generated from fermentative, methanogenic and dechlorinating processes was quite small. The glucose scenario was the best choice for reducing the overall environmental potential impact of HCH bioremediation.