Notice of RetractionA New Enterobacteria Biological Control Method of Poultry Wastes

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

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Poultry wastes are generally applied to agricultural soils as an organic fertilizer. This final step in the poultry farming management strategy entails a big risk for the environment due to the microorganisms (pathogens) and nutrients contained at high concentrations in these waste materials. The use of biological processes in the field of waste recycling is considered to be a good way to ensure the safety of the obtained products. A new Enterobacteria biological control method, and the possibility of using dictyosteleds to eliminate the undesirable microorganisms in poultry waste were researched in lab condition. Three strains of dictyostelids : Dictyostelium mucoroides 92-12, D. brefeldeum 92-5, and D. minutum 92-7strains were used in the experiment. The results shown: using dictyosteleds to eliminate the undesirable microorganisms in poultry waste is a feasible biological method. Not only the undesirable microorganisms in poultry wastes were eliminated, but also the nutrition ingredient were preserved. After incubated at 20°C for 36h, the quantity of dictyosteleds myxamoeba cells reached to the maximum (around 8.5×107 cell · m L^-1); and the quantity of total bacteria, Escherichia, Staphylococcus and Clostridium was 9.8×104 cfu ·m L^-1, 4.5×104 cfu ·m L^-1, 2.6×104 cfu ·m L^-1, 5×101 cfu ·m L^-1 respectively. At the end of incubated period (72 h), the quantity of total bacte- ia, Escherichia, Staphylococcus and Clostridium was 8.0×103 cfu ·m L^-1, 8.0 cfu ·m L^-1, 5 cfu ·m L^-1, 5 cfu ·m L^-1, respectively. Comparing the nutrition ingredients between the fresh material and the dictyostelids treated product, There are nearly no decrease of the crude proteins, ash, crude fibre, and crude fat was observed in all dictyostelids trials (p <; 0.05). Th- result suggest this new Enterobacteria eliminated method is very important for reducing the problem of scarce protein sources for animal feeds in China by encouraging the recycle of poultry wastes protein into a stable feed ingredient. But the biotechnological processes of using dictyostelids to reduce the Enterobacteria in poultry waste are need farther researched, including the collection method of poultry waste and the recycling of the waste water as the starter culture for next treatment.