Scanner identification using spectral noise in the frequency domain

As digital images have been propagated all over the world, identification techniques for image sources become more important. In this paper, we analyze properties of the scanner and find the spectral noise appeared in the frequency domain. Based on this observation, we propose a new method for identifying scanner models from scanned images. To enhance characteristics of the spectral noise, a refining process is proposed and employed to scanned images. We make reference patterns with the refined noise for each scanner. The proposed method uses the Euclidean distance to calculate a similarity between each reference pattern and the extracted spectral noise from the test image. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves high accuracy with various types of images.