Title :
DEPFET active pixel sensor with non-linear amplification
Author :
Lechner, P. ; Andricek, L. ; Aschauer, S. ; Bähr, A. ; De Vita, G. ; Hermenau, K. ; Hildebrand, T. ; Lutz, G. ; Majewski, P. ; Porro, M. ; Richter, R.H. ; Sandow, C. ; Schaller, G. ; Soltau, H. ; Strüder, L.
Author_Institution :
PNSensor GmbH, Munich, Germany
Abstract :
One of the X-ray imaging detectors in development for the European XFEL (X-ray Free Electron Laser) is the DSSC (DEPFET Sensor with Signal Compression). The DSSC sensor array will have a format of 1024 × 1024 pixels with a pixel size in the order of 200 μm. It is optimized for the detection of low-energy X-ray photons and designed to operate at frame rates up to 4.5 MHz with a dynamic range of several thousand photons per pixel and frame and single photon resolution at small photon numbers. The DSSC system´s core component is an active pixel sensor based on the DEPFET (DEpleted P-channel Field Effect Transistor) structure. A DEPFET is an integrated detector-amplifier combining internal amplification, full sensitivity over the whole bulk thickness, analog data storage, readout on demand, low serial noise, and absence of reset noise. For the DSSC-adaptation of the DEPFET principle the new feature of signal compression has been added, i.e. the device has a high gain at small signals and a reduced gain at large signals. With this strongly non-linear response the DSSC-DEPFET provides the required high charge handling capacity with simultaneous single photon resolution for low-energy X-rays. This paper presents the concept of the DSSC-DEPFET. Its functionality is demonstrated by measurements of a first series of prototypes.
Keywords :
X-ray imaging; field effect transistors; free electron lasers; semiconductor counters; DEPFET active pixel sensor; DEPFET principle; DEPFET structure; DEpleted P-channel Field Effect Transistor; DSSC sensor array; European XFEL; X-ray free electron laser; X-ray imaging detectors; analog data storage; dynamic range; frame rates; integrated detector-amplifier; low-energy X-ray photons; nonlinear amplification; single photon resolution; small photon numbers; Decision support systems; Logic gates; Switches;
Conference_Titel :
Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC), 2011 IEEE
Conference_Location :
Valencia
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4673-0118-3
DOI :
10.1109/NSSMIC.2011.6154112