New protection philosophy for protecting complex smart grid with renewable resources penetration

The smart grid holds potential to benefit customers, the environment and utilities. Yet still remaining are questions about its costs, the need for still nascent technologies to further develop and how attractive the smart grid will be for the average energy consumer. The paper introduces novel application for wireless technology based protection to protect complex smart grid. The paper presents novel Wireless Fidelity Wi-Fi communication protocol for protecting complex power system configurations such as tapped smart grid with complex configuration. The technique has the feature of the differential protection principle. The measured data at each relay can be exchanged through the relays using Wi-Fi protocol. In such a case, the onsite measured data for each relay can be transmitted and received for all other relays. Then a final decision is issued from relays related to the faulted area and other blocking signals are issued for no faulted area. Such scheme of protection can cover any complicated configuration system with many taps of transformers.