Propagation characteristics of low base-station antennas on urban road

One method of efficient spectrum utilization is to trap a radio wave in a small area. A base-station antenna that is lower than the average building height is effective for trapping radio waves. However, the propagation mode differs from conventional propagation modes for high-base-station antennas. Thus, conventional propagation characteristics do not apply. The authors propose a propagation model for low base-station antennas on urban roads. The propagation characteristics are examined theoretically and experimentally.<>