On relative error minimization in passivity enforcement schemes

This paper presents a new technique for the elimination of passivity violations in linear lumped macromodels. The main algorithm is based on the perturbation of imaginary eigenvalues of suitably-defined Hamiltonian matrices, as documented in the existing literature. We introduce a modification aimed at the minimization of the relative error in the model responses during the passivity enforcement. This strategy allows the accurate modeling of structures characterized by a large dynamic range, as typically found in microwave filters or advanced packaging applications.