On the diagnosability of DNMR testing

Dynamic N-Modular Redundancy (DNMR), with interstitially placed voters, provides a testing technique with low area overhead and high diagnosability, applicable for fabrication-time and on-line real traffic testing of fault-tolerant processing arrays. Improved diagnosability is obtained not only by increasing the voting level, but also by using different test propagation methods. Also, diagnosis is based on a general fault model, without the restrictions imposed by other testing techniques. A lower bound on DNMR diagnosability shows very good results, particularly when an appropriate sequence of tests is applied