An analytical method for probabilistic load flow applied to multi-terminal HVDC networks for offshore wind farm integration

The integration of larger and larger amounts of wind power is a major target of the European Union, however it represents a challenge for power system planning and operation. The paper proposes an analytical method to perform probabilistic load flow on multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) networks to integrate large amounts of power generated by remote offshore wind farms into the continental AC bulk power system. The methodology considers the peculiar controls envisaged for the converters interfaced with AC onshore system, and it is based on the linearization of the load flow equations for DC networks and on the method of cumulants (already used for probabilistic load flow applications in AC grids). Results of the proposed method applied to a sample meshed MTDC network are presented and discussed.